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Dataset: Swing Bed Assessment-Minimum Data Set (SB-MDS)

Basic Information
Dataset Full Name Swing Bed Assessment-Minimum Data Set
Dataset Acronym SB-MDS
Summary Swing Beds are rural skilled nursing facilities (SNF) or Critical Access Hospitals (CAH) participating in Medicare that are approved by CMS to provide post-acute skilled nursing services. The Swing Bed-Minimum data set (SB-MDS) is a subset of the Minimum Data Set (MDS) containing patient-level assessments for those admitted to “swing beds.” The data are primarily collected using a two-page assessment form and only include items required for reimbursement purposes, ongoing analysis of swing bed utilization under the SNF-PPS (prospective payment system), and tracking patient readmissions. Primary and comorbid condition “active diagnosis” information from claims files is also included. The SB-MDS includes patient-level demographic, clinical and facility-level information.
Key Terms Assessment, Swing Bed, Skilled care, Medicare, Medicaid, RUG, Rehabilitation, Physical therapy, Splint, Occupational therapy, Prosthesis, Critical Access Care, Rural Health
Study Design Longitudinal
Data Type(s) Administrative
Clinical
Sponsoring Agency/Entity

Department of Health and Human Services (HHS)

Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS)
Health Conditions/Disability Measures
Health Condition(s)

Alzheimer's/dementia, Anxiety disorders, Arthritis, Autism spectrum disorders, Bipolar disorder, Blood disorder, Body mass index (BMI)/obesity, Burns, Cancer, Cardiovascular conditions, Cerebral palsy, Chronic pain, Depression, Diabetes, Down syndrome, Epilepsy or seizure disorder, Eye diseases, ICD-9/10 diagnostic codes, Infectious diseases, Kidney/renal condition, Missing limbs/hand/finger/feet, Multiple sclerosis, Orthopedic conditions, Parkinson's disease, Partial or total paralysis, Post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), Pulmonary disorders, Schizophrenia, Stroke, Thyroid disease, Traumatic brain injury (TBI)
Disability Measures Ambulatory disability, Cognitive disability, Communication impairment, Developmental disabilities, Functional limitations (ADLs and/or IADLs), Hearing disability, Intellectual disability, Mental health disability, Self-care disability, Special equipment use/assistive technology, Visual disability
Measures/Outcomes of Interest
Topics Socio-demographic, Case mix group, Prior acute care stay, Admission, Readmission, Discharge disposition, Nutrition, Sleep, Infections, Pressure ulcer stages, Special treatment/ procedures, Occupational therapy, Physical therapy, Respiratory therapy, Speech language pathology and Audiology, Physician visits
Sample
Sample Population Adult (ages 18 years and older) Medicare and Medicaid patients receiving health services in swing beds at acute hospitals and skilled nursing facilities.
Sample Size/Notes NA
Unit of Observation Individual/Patient
Continent(s) North America
Countries

United States
Geographic Coverage United States
Geographic Specificity 50 States and Zip Code
Data Collection
Data Collection Mode Assessment based on review of patient records, observations of and communication with patient, licensed health professionals, direct care staff, etc.
Years Collected

2002-2010: Swing-Bed Assessment 2.0

2010-present: Swing-Bed Assessment 3.0
Data Collection Frequency

Patient assessment schedule: 5-day (admission assessment), 14-Day, 30-day, 60-day, 90-day evaluations, and clinical change assessment.

The dataset is updated quarterly.
Strengths and Limitations
Strengths Large sample size, includes health service utilization and details about rehabilitation services received (type, number of days, and total minutes). Includes information on ADLs, skin conditions, and clinical change assessment as well comorbid conditions from claims files. Can be linked to other CMS data.
Limitations The SB-MDS does not include vital signs and contains limited information regarding chronic conditions.
Data Details
Primary Website https://www.cms.gov/Medicare/Medicare-Fee-for-Service-Payment/SNFPPS/SwingBed.html /
Data Access https://www.cms.gov/Research-Statistics-Data-and-Systems/Files-for-Order/LimitedDataSets/index.html
Data Access Requirements Data Use agreement, $ Cost
Summary Tables/Reports NA
Data Components NA
Selected Papers
Other Papers

Reiter, KL, and Freeman, VA. Trends in Skilled Nursing Facility and Swing Bed Use in Rural Areas Following the Medicare Modernization Act of 2003. Brief report. North Carolina Rural Health Research & Policy Analysis Center.

https://www.shepscenter.unc.edu/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/FR101.pdf

Reiter KL, Holmes GM, Broyles IH. Medicare, Swing Beds, and Critical Access Hospitals. Med Care Res Rev. 2013 Apr; 70(2):206-1. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23090568
Technical

Assessment File – MDS 3.0/Swing Bed 3.0 – Oct. 2010 Forward & Assessment File – Swing Bed 2.0 (prior to 2010):
https://www.ccwdata.org/web/guest/data-dictionaries

Swing Bed Minimum Data Set Assessment Training Manual:https://www.cms.gov/Medicare/Medicare-Fee-for-Service-Payment/SNFPPS/Downloads/sbmanual112005-RUG53.pdf
Related Repositories
Repositories

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The Rehabilitation Research Cross-dataset Variable Catalog has been developed through the Center for Large Data Research & Data Sharing in Rehabilitation (CLDR). The Center for Large Data Research and Data Sharing in Rehabilitation involves a consortium of investigators from the University of Texas Medical Branch, Cornell University's Yang Tan Institute (YTI), and the University of Michigan. The CLDR is funded by NIH - National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, through the National Center for Medical Rehabilitation Research, the National Institute for Neurological Disorders and Stroke, and the National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering. (P2CHD065702).

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Acknowledgements: This tool was developed through the efforts of William Erickson and Arun Karpur, and web designers Jason Criss and Jeff Trondsen at Cornell University. Many thanks to graduate students Kyoung Jo Oh and Yeong Joon Yoon who developed much of the content used in this tool.

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